Dzuwa la m’chilimwe limavina pa mafunde, likuitana anthu ambiri kuti afufuze za pansi pa madzi kudzera m’madzi. Ngakhale kuti kudumpha pansi kumapereka chisangalalo chachikulu ndi ulendo, kumabweranso ndi zoopsa zomwe zingatheke pa thanzi - makamaka, matenda a decompression, omwe amatchedwa "decompression disease."
Kumvetsetsa Matenda a Decompression
Matenda a decompression, omwe nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti diver's disease, saturation disease, kapena barotrauma, amapezeka pamene wosambira akukwera mofulumira kwambiri kuchokera kumalo opanikizika kwambiri. Pakudumphira pansi, mpweya, makamaka nayitrogeni, umasungunuka m'matumbo a thupi chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwakukulu. Zosiyanasiyana zikakwera mofulumira kwambiri, kutsika kofulumira kwa kupanikizika kumapangitsa kuti mipweya yosungunukayi ipange thovu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda komanso kuwonongeka kwa minofu. Matendawa amatha kuwonekera muzizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhudza minofu ndi mafupa ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta zazikulu.
Ziwerengero zokhudzana ndi matenda a decompression ndizowopsya: chiwerengero cha imfa chikhoza kufika pa 11%, pamene chiwerengero cha kulumala chikhoza kufika pa 43%, kutsindika kuopsa kwa chikhalidwe ichi. Sikuti anthu osiyanasiyana ali pachiwopsezo chokha, koma osiyanasiyana omwe si akatswiri, asodzi, zowulukira pamtunda, anthu onenepa kwambiri, komanso omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 40 omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima ndi matenda amtima amathanso kudwala.
Zizindikiro za Matenda a Decompression
Zizindikiro za matenda a decompression nthawi zambiri zimawonekera ngati kupweteka kwa manja kapena miyendo. Zitha kusiyanasiyana mozama, zomwe zimadziwika kuti:
Pang'ono: Kuyabwa khungu, zigamba, ndi kuwawa pang'ono kwa minofu, mafupa, kapena mfundo.
Zochepa: Kupweteka kwambiri kwa minofu, mafupa, ndi mfundo, komanso zizindikiro za ubongo ndi m'mimba.
Zowopsa: Kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje, kusayenda bwino kwa magazi, komanso kupuma movutikira, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kosatha kapena imfa.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kuwonongeka kwa minyewa, kupuma, ndi kuzungulira kwa magazi kumatenga pafupifupi 5-25% ya matenda opunduka kwambiri, pomwe zotupa zopepuka mpaka zocheperako nthawi zambiri zimakhudza khungu ndi ma lymphatic system, zomwe zimawerengera pafupifupi 7.5-95%.
Udindo wa Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) therapy ndi njira yokhazikika komanso yothandiza ya matenda a decompression. Kuchitapo kanthu kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri pamene kuperekedwa panthawi yovuta kwambiri, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zogwirizana kwambiri ndi kuuma kwa zizindikiro.
Njira Yochitira
Thandizo la HBO limagwira ntchito powonjezera kupsinjika kwa chilengedwe mozungulira wodwalayo, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatirazi:
Kuchepa kwa Mivumbi ya Gasi: Kuchulukana kwamphamvu kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa thovu la nayitrogeni m'thupi, pomwe kuthamanga kwambiri kumathandizira kufalikira kwa nayitrogeni kuchokera ku thovulo kupita m'magazi ozungulira ndi madzi amthupi.
Kusinthana kwa Oxygen: Panthawi ya chithandizo, odwala amakoka mpweya, womwe umalowa m'malo mwa nayitrogeni mu thovu la mpweya, zomwe zimathandiza kuyamwa mwachangu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpweya.
Kuyenda Bwino Kwambiri: Mapiritsi ang'onoang'ono amatha kupita ku mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi, kuchepetsa dera la infarction ndi kupititsa patsogolo magazi.
Chitetezo cha Minofu: Chithandizocho chimachepetsa kupanikizika kwa minofu ndikuchepetsa mwayi wowonongeka kwa ma cell.
Kuwongolera kwa Hypoxia: Chithandizo cha HBO chimakweza kupanikizika pang'ono kwa okosijeni ndi okosijeni wamagazi, ndikuwongolera mwachangu hypoxia ya minofu.
Mapeto
Pomaliza, chithandizo cha okosijeni cha hyperbaric chimayima ngati chida chofunikira kwambiri polimbana ndi matenda a decompression, kupereka mapindu anthawi yomweyo komanso opulumutsa moyo. Pozindikira zambiri za kuopsa kokhala ndi moyo wosambira komanso kuchita bwino kwa chithandizo cha HBO, anthu osiyanasiyana komanso omwe angakhale ndi vutoli amatha kupanga zisankho zoyenera kuteteza thanzi lawo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-27-2024