Dzuwa la chilimwe limavina pa mafunde, zomwe zimaitana anthu ambiri kuti akafufuze malo okhala pansi pa madzi kudzera m'madzi. Ngakhale kuti kusambira m'madzi kumabweretsa chisangalalo chachikulu komanso ulendo wosangalatsa, kumabweretsanso zoopsa pa thanzi—makamaka, matenda ochepetsa kupsinjika maganizo, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "matenda ochepetsa kupsinjika maganizo."
Kumvetsetsa Matenda Ochepetsa Kupsinjika Maganizo
Matenda a decompression, omwe nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti matenda a diver, saturation sickness, kapena barotrauma, amapezeka pamene diver akukwera mofulumira kwambiri kuchokera kumalo opanikizika kwambiri. Panthawi yosambira, mpweya, makamaka nayitrogeni, umasungunuka m'thupi la munthu chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwakukulu. Pamene diver akukwera mofulumira kwambiri, kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumalola mpweya wosungunukawu kupanga thovu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino komanso kuwonongeka kwa minofu. Matendawa amatha kuonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhudza minofu ndi mafupa ndipo zimatha kubweretsa mavuto aakulu.
Ziwerengero zokhudzana ndi matenda a decompression ndi zoopsa: chiwerengero cha imfa chikhoza kufika pa 11%, pomwe chiwerengero cha olumala chikhoza kufika pa 43%, zomwe zikugogomezera kuopsa kwa vutoli. Sikuti anthu osambira okha ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo, komanso anthu osadziwa ntchito yosambira, asodzi, anthu oyenda m'maulendo ataliatali, anthu onenepa kwambiri, komanso anthu opitirira zaka 40 omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima nawonso ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a decompression.
Zizindikiro za Matenda Ochepetsa Kupanikizika
Zizindikiro za matenda ochepetsa kupsinjika maganizo nthawi zambiri zimawonekera ngati kupweteka m'manja kapena m'miyendo. Zitha kukhala zosiyana malinga ndi kuuma kwake, monga:
Kusayabwa: Khungu loyabwa, madontho a madontho, ndi kupweteka pang'ono kwa minofu, mafupa, kapena malo olumikizirana mafupa.
Pakati: Kupweteka kwambiri minofu, mafupa, ndi mafupa, pamodzi ndi zizindikiro zina za ubongo ndi m'mimba.
Zoopsa: Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha yapakati, kulephera kwa magazi kuyenda bwino, komanso kulephera kupuma bwino, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kosatha kapena imfa.
Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, kupuma, ndi kayendedwe ka magazi kumabweretsa pafupifupi 5-25% ya matenda oopsa a decompression, pomwe zilonda zochepa mpaka zochepa nthawi zambiri zimakhudza khungu ndi lymphatic system, zomwe zimapangitsa pafupifupi 7.5-95%.
Udindo wa Mankhwala Ochepetsa Mpweya wa Hyperbaric
Chithandizo cha mpweya wa hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) ndi njira yodziwika bwino komanso yothandiza yochizira matenda ochepetsa kupsinjika. Chithandizochi chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri chikaperekedwa panthawi yovuta ya vutoli, ndipo zotsatira zake zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikiro.
Njira Yogwirira Ntchito
Chithandizo cha HBO chimagwira ntchito powonjezera kupsinjika kwa chilengedwe mozungulira wodwalayo, zomwe zimapangitsa zotsatira zofunika izi:
Kuchepa kwa Mabulu a Gasi: Kupanikizika kowonjezereka kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mabulu a nayitrogeni m'thupi, pomwe kuthamanga kwakukulu kumafulumizitsa kufalikira kwa nayitrogeni kuchokera ku mabulu kupita m'magazi ndi madzi am'thupi ozungulira.
Kusinthana kwa Mpweya Wabwino: Pa chithandizo, odwala amapuma mpweya, womwe umalowa m'malo mwa nayitrogeni mu thovu la mpweya, zomwe zimathandiza kuyamwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya mwachangu.
Kuyenda Bwino kwa Magazi: Ma thovu ang'onoang'ono amatha kuyenda kupita ku mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi, kuchepetsa malo omwe ali ndi infarction ndikuwonjezera kuyenda kwa magazi.
Chitetezo cha Minofu: Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kupanikizika kwa minofu ndikuchepetsa mwayi woti maselo awonongeke.
Kukonza Hypoxia: Chithandizo cha HBO chimakweza kupanikizika pang'ono kwa mpweya ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi, ndikukonza mofulumira hypoxia ya minofu.
Mapeto
Pomaliza, chithandizo cha okosijeni cha hyperbaric chili ngati chida chofunikira kwambiri polimbana ndi matenda ochepetsa kupsinjika, zomwe zimapereka phindu lachangu komanso lomwe lingapulumutse moyo. Chifukwa cha chidziwitso chowonjezeka cha zoopsa zokhudzana ndi kusambira m'madzi komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa chithandizo cha HBO, anthu osambira m'madzi ndi omwe angakhale odwala amatha kupanga zisankho zolondola kuti ateteze thanzi lawo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-27-2024